Photographic emulsion



y 1939- F. L. WHITE ET AL 2,166,736

PHOTOGRAPHIC EMULSION Filed April 23, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 .1.- Z-LB I'PIPERIDYL) VINYL] 75%! mo mmzou: Ermooms.

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' A i EORNQ y 1939- F. 1.. WHITE El AL 2,166,735

PHOTOGRAPHIC EMULSION Filed April 23, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 l-ZZH I BmzoxAzoLE Era/come.

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mnwmwm lg BY 771 WM A ORNEY Patented. July 18, 1939.

PATENT OFFICE rno'roommo nmsrou Frank L. White and Grafton H. Reyes, Rochester, N. Y., assignors to Eastman Kodak Comvpuny, Rochester, N. Y.,' a corporation of New I Jersey Application April as, 1937, Serial No. 13mm 19 Claims.

This invention relates to new dyes and to photographic emulsions containing the same.

Certain known dyes of the cyanlne class are known to. alter the sensitivity of photographic emulsions. Now, we have found an entirely new 5 class of dyes andthat these new dyes alter the wherein D represents .vinylene or phenylene groups, L representsa methenyl group, n represents a positive integer not greater than three, J represents hydrogen or analiphatic group while Q represents an aliphatic group and J and Q together represent the non-metallic atoms necessary to complete a basic cyclic organic nucleus other than a pyrrol nucleus, R. represents an alkyl group, X represents an acid radical and Z represents the non-metallic atoms necessary to complete an organic heterocyclic nucleus. The term aliphatic group, is intended to include saturated as well as unsaturated aliphatic groups and toinclude also substituted aliphatic groups such as benzyl, -p-hydroxyethyl or the like.

More particularly in Formulas Ia and 1b, J and 'Q can each represent an alkyl group, such as methyl, ethyl, n-butyl, allyl, benzyl, fi-hydroxyethyl, furylmethyl (iurfuryl) or the like and J and and Q together can represent the non-metallic atoms necessary to complete an organic cyclic basic nucleus, such as piperidine, a tetrahydroquinoline, a N-aikylpiperazine, a piperazine, a

morpholine or like nucleus. Z can represent the non-metallic atoms necessaryto complete a fivemembered heterocyclic nucleus, such as a thiazole nucleus, for example benzothiazole, -chlorobenzothiazole, 5-methylbenzothlazole, 4-methylthiazole, naphthothiazoles, 4-phenylthiazole, 4,5- diphenylthiazole or the like. an oxazole nucleus, for example benzoxazole, naphthoxazoles, 4- methylograzole, 4-,phenyloxazole or the like, a selenazole nucleus, for example benzoselenazole, a selenazole, 4-methylselenazole or 4-phenylselenazole, a 3,3-dialkylindolenine nucleus, for example 3,3-dimethylindoline; a thiazoline nucleus, a selenazoline nucleus, or the like, and Z can represent the non-metallic atoms necessary to complete a six-membered heterocyclic nucleus, such as a pyridine nucleus, a quinoline nucleus, for example fi-methylquinoline or benzoquinoline, or the like. X can represent halide, alkylsulfate, perchlorate, nitrate, p-toluenesulfonate or the like. R can represent alkyl groups such. as

methyl, ethyl, n-butyl, benzyl, allyl or the like.

Our new dyes can'be prepared by reacting a basic primary or secondary non-aromatic amine, particular a monoamine, with a compound of one 0! the following formulas:

wherein D represents a vinylene or phenylene group, n represents a positive integer not greater than three, R represents an acyl group, R represents an aryl group, R, X and Z have the values indicated above under Formulas Ia and lb. More particularly in Formulas Ila and 11b, R can represent an acyl group, such as acetyl, propionyl. butyryl, benzoyl or the like and R." can represent an. aryl group, such as phenyl, naphthyl, xylyl, diphenyl or the like, i, e., an aryl group containing not more than twelve nuclear carbon atoms-for example.

The basic non-aromatic primary or secondary .amines are advantageously reacted with the compounds of Formulas no or III) in the presence of a diluent, such as a lower aliphatic alcohol, 1. e., one of four carbon atoms'or less. However, the diluent is not essential. Other diluents, such as ethylidene dichloride, ethylene dichloride or dioxane, can be used. The diluent should be inert toward the dyes and so chosen that the formed dye will separate therefrom at least upon cooling. Heat accelerates the formation of our new dyes. The non-aromatic primary or secondary amine is advantageously employed in molecular excess; from 1.5 to 3 molecular proportions (mol.) per molecular proportion of compound of Formulas 11a and Rh is suitable. With a molecular ratio of 1:1 the yield of our new dyes is generally lower than when an excess is employed.

Compounds of Formulas 11a and 11b can be prepared by reacting a cyclammonium quaternary salt containing a reactive alkyl group in the alpha or gamma position, i. e., one of the so-called relative positions, with a compound 01' the following formula:

wherein L represents a methenyl group, n represents a positive odd integer not greater than five, D and E represent aryl groups, such as phenyl, naphthyl, xylyl or the like. Some of the compounds represented by Formula II! are basic and form salts with acids, such as hydrochloric, sulfuric and the like acids. These salts can be used as well to react with the above mentioned cyclammonium salts. Examples of compounds of' Formula III and their salts which can advantageously be employed are: diphenylformamidine, p- .anilinoacrolein anil, p-anilino-a-bromoacrolein anil, p-anilino-a-chloroacrolein anil and their hydrochlorides, glutaconic aldehyde dianilide hydrochloride, is (,8 naphthylimino-e-(fl-naphthylamino)-a-methyl-a, pentadiene hydrochloride (see Konig, Journal fiir praktische Chemie, vol. 69, page 136), etc. The compounds oi. Formula 111 can be reacted with cyclammonium quaternary salts containing a reactive alkyl group by mere heating of the reactants together, advantageously in the presence of acetic anhydride or the like. The cyclammonium quaternary salts which can be employed are those corresponding to the heterocyclic nuclei pointed out above under Formulas Ia and ID, i. e., for example, quaternary salts of l-methylbenzothiazole, l-ethYlbenzothlazole, ,a-methylnaphthothiazoles, quinaldine, aand 7-11100111'185, lepidine, l-methylbenzoxazole, methylnaphthoxazoles, l-methylbenzoselenazole, 2,4-dimethylthiazole, 2-methyl-4-phenylthiazole, 2,3,3-trimethylindolenine, Z-methylthiazoline and the like.

The basic primary or secondary non-aromatic amines which can be reacted with compounds of Formulas Ila and 11b, are, for example, aliphatic amines for instance monoalkylamines, such as methylamine, ethylamine, n-butylamine secbutylamine, isoprcpylamine, n-decylamines, cyclohexylamine, furfurylamine, tetrahydrofurfurylamine, fl-hydroxyethyl amine, allylamine, benzylamine or the like or dialkylamines, such as dimethylamine, diethyla'mine, di-n-butylamine, disec-butylamine, di-isopropylamine, di-n-decylamines, difurfurylamine, di-p-hydroxyethylamine, dibenzylamine or the like or secondary basic heterocyclic amines such as flve-membered basic heterocyclic amines, for example, pyrrolidines or the like or six-membered basic heterocyclic amines, for example piperidine, morpholine, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines, piperazine, N-alkylpiperazines or the like. Pyrrol cannot be used in our process.

Reaction products of compounds of Formula 111 with such cyclammonium quaternary salts prepared in the presence of acetic anhydride or the like are the acylated compounds of Formulas 11a and III). When prepared in the absence of acetic anhydride or the like the reaction prod; ucts must be acylated by treatment with acylating be prepared by heating, at about 180 C. for about 10 minutes with stirring, 60 g. (1 mol.) of quinaldine ethiodide and 40 g. (1 mol.) of diphenylformamidine. The cooled reaction mixture is advantageously ground with acetone, and

' then filtered and dried. 20 g. (1 mol.) of this acetone-treated reaction product was refluxed in about 50 cc. of, acetic anhydride for about 10 minutes. The reaction mixture was chilled and the Z-(p-acetanilidovlnyl) -quinoline ethiodide which separated was flltered of! and washed with acetone.

,2-(p acetanilidovinyl) thiazoline methiodide can be prepared by heating, at about C for about 15' minutes, an intimately ground mixture of 159 g. (1 mol.) of 2-'-methylthiazoline methiodide and g. (1.05 mol.) of diphenylformamldine in about 220 cc. of glacial acetic acid. The reaction product separated from the cooled reaction mixture. It was refluxed, for about 15 minutes in sufllcient acetic anhydride to form a solution. One molecular proportion of pyridine for each molecular proportion of reaction produtes, 48 g. (1 mol.) of diphenylformamidine and 40 67 g. (1 mol.) of l-methylbenzothiazole ethiodide in about 365 cc. of acetic anhydride. The l-(fiacetanilidovinyl)-benzothiazole ethiodide separated from the chilled reaction mixture and was washed with acetoneand dried.

' l-(p acetanilidovinyl) benzoxazole ethiodide can be prepared by refluxing, for about 20 minutes, 40 g. (1 mol.) of diphenylformamidine and 58 g. (1 mol.) of l-methylbenzoxazole ethiodide in about 250 cc. ofacetic anhydride. The l-(o-acetanilidovinyD-benzoxazole ethiodide separated from the chilled reaction mixture and was washed with acetone and dried.

4-(p-acetanilidovinyl) -quinoline ethiodide can be prepared by heating, at C. to C. with stirring, an intimate mixture of 29.9 g. (1 mol.) of lepidine ethiodide and 19.6 g. (1 mol.) of

diphenylformamidine for about 10 minutes.

The cooled reaction mass was stirred with acetone and the acetone-treated reaction product then refluxed in suflicient acetic anhydride to form a solution, for about 15 minutes. One molecular proportion of pyridine for each molecular proportion of'reaction product is advantageously employed in the solution during refluxing. The 4-(B-acetanilidovinyl)-quinoline ethiodide was precipitated from solution by adding diethyl ether. The precipitated product was stirred with acetone and dried.

- 1- (4-acetanilido-A -butadienyl) benzothiazole ethiodide can be prepared by refluxing, for about one hour, 30.5 g. (1 mol.) of l-methylbcnzothiazole ethiodide and 25.9 g. (1 mol.) 6! p-anilinoacrolein anil hydrochloride in about 250 cc. of acetic anhydride. The l-(4-acetanilido) com 2.5 g. (1 mol.) oi p-anilinoacrolein anil hydrochloridein about 20 cc. of acetic anhydride. The reaction mixture was chilled and the acetanilido compound precipitated by adding two volumes (about 40 cc.) of diethyl ether. The acetanilido compound was washed with water and acetone.

1 (4 -acetanilido-A '-butadienyl) -benzoxazole ethiodide can be prepared by refluxing, for'about one hour, 2.9 g. (1 mol.) of l-methylbenzoxazole ethiodide and 2.5 g. (1 mol.) oi p-anilinoacrolein anii hydrochloride in about 20 cc. of acetic anhydride.- The reaction mixture was chilled and the acetanilido compound precipitated with two volumes (about 40 cc.) of diethyl ether. The tarry precipitate was stirred with acetone until crystalline.

1 (6-acetanilido-A -hexatrienyl) benaoxazole ethiodide can be prepared by refluxing, for about 5 minutes, 5.5 g. (1 mol.) of glutaconic aldehyde dianilide hydrochloride and 5.8 g. (1 mol.) of 1-methylbenzoxazole ethiudide in about 25 cc. of acetic anhydride. The reaction mixture was chilled and the acetanilido compound precipitated by adding diethyl ether. The precipitate was purified by stirring with acetone.

1 (6-acetanilido-A -hexatrienyl) a naphthoxazole ethiodide can be prepared by refluxing, for about 5 minutes, 3.4 gr. (1 mol.) of l-methyl-a naphthoxazole ethiodide and 2.8 g. (1 mol.) of

glutaconic aldehyde dianilide hydrochloride inabout 40 cc. of acetic anhydride. The acetanilido Berlchte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschait,

vol. 35, 2498-2501 (1902). Compounds of Formula 111 where n represents three can be prepared as described by Reitzenstein & Bonitsch in the Journal fiir praktische chemie, vol. 86, page 1 (1912) and by Dieckmann 8: Platz in the Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gasellschait, vol. 37, pages 4635-4638 (1904). Compounds of Formula 111 wherein n represents five can be prepared as described by Zincke in Annalen, vol. 330, page 361 (1904) and by Zincke, Heuser 3r Moller in Annalen, vol. 333, page 296 (1904) and by Zincke 8r Wiirker in Annalen, vol. 338, page 107 (1905) and by Konig in Journal iiir praktische chemie, (2) vol. 69, page 129 and (2) vol. 70, pages 23 and 52-.

By the term non-aromatic amine," we mean an amine in which the amino group is not directly attached to a benzene or equivalent aromatic ring system as the amino group is in. aniline, methylaniline, aand c-naphthylamines, l-aminoanthraquinone, a-aminopyridiue, 5-aminoquinoline, or the like.

While the process of preparing our new dyes is subject to variation particularly as respects peratures, the following examples serve to illustrate the mode of practicing the'preparation cl our new dyes of Formulas Ho and 11b where n represents one. These examples are not intended to limit our invention.

Example 1. 1- [p- (4-morpholyl) ,-vinyll -benzoxazole ethiodide.

2.2 g. (1 mol.) of l-(p-acetanilidovinyl) -benzoxazole ethiodide, 1.2 g. (3 mol.) of morpholine and 15 cc. of absolute ethyl alcohol were re- 1.1 g. (1 mol.) of l-(fi-acetanilidovinyl)-benzothiazole ethiodide, 0.6 g. (3 mol.) of piperidine and cc. of absolute ethyl alcohol were refluxed for about 30 minutes. The dye separated from the cooled reaction mixture and after twice recrystallizing from methyl alcohol was obtained as light yellow crystals melting at 274-277 C. with decomposition. Its methyl alcoholic solution was pale yellow.

Example 3. l-[p-(4-morpholyl) -vinyll-benzothiazole ethiodide.

:5: g: S\ o \N-CH=CHC/ c-c N CzHs I 1.1 g. (1 mol.) of l-(fl-acetanilidovinyD-benzothiazole ethiodide, 0.7 g. (3 mol.) of morpholine and'20 cc. of absolute ethyl alcohol were refluxed for about 30 minutes. The dye separated from the cooled reaction mixture and after twice recrystallizing from methyl alcohol was obtained as yellow crystals melting at 263-265 C. with decomposition. Its methyl alcoholic solution was pale yellow.

Example. 4.'- 2[B-(1-piperidyl) -vinyl] -,8-naphthothiazole ethiodide.

2.5 g. (1 mol.) of Z-(fi-acetaniiidovinyD-finaphthothiazole ethiodide, 1.2 g. (3 mol.) of piperidine and 25 cc. of absolute ethyl alcohol were refluxed for about 30 minutes. The dye separated from the cooled reaction mixture and alter twice recrystallizing from methyl alcohol was obtained as brownish yellow crystals melting at 230-232" C. with decomposition. Its methyl alcoholic solution was pale.. yellow.

2- (p-acetanilidovinyl) -p'-'naphthothiazole ethmixture was chilled and the solid product which separated was flltered, washed with water and acetone and dried. Upon recrystallization from acetic acid it melted at 180 C. with decompositon.

lwnple 5.-2-[p-(1-piperidyl) -vinyl] -quino- 1.1 g. (1 mol.) oi! Z-(p-acetanilldovinyl) -quinoline ethiodide, 0.6 g. (3 mol.) of plperidine and 20 cc. of absolute ethyl alcohol were refluxed for about 30 minutes. The dye separated from the cooled reaction mixture and after twfce recrystallizing lrommethyl alcohol was obtained as yellow crystals melting at 253-255 C. with decomposition. Its methyl alcoholic solution was yellow.

In the above flve examples the piperldine and morpholine can be replaced with any basic nonaromatic primary or secondary amine such as pointed out above in connection with reaction with compounds of Formulas 11a and 11b. Likewise the l-(fi-acetanilidovinyl)-benzoxazole ethiodide, 1-(fi-acetanilidovinyl) -benzothiazole ethiodide, 2- (p-acetanilidovinyl) -p-naphthothiazole ethiodide and 2-(fl-acetanilidovinyl)-quinoline ethiodide can be replaced by other quaternary salts such as butiodides, allryl sulfates, alkyl-ptoluenesulfonate or the like, as well as by acetanilidovinyl derivatives of cyclammonium alkyl quaternary salts of bases corresponding to the nuclei pointed out above under Formulas Ia and lb.

The Iollowing examples serve to illustrate the mode of preparation of our new dyes o1 Formulas 11a and II!) where 1: equals two. These examples are not intended to limit our invention.

Example 6.1[4 -(1-piperidyl) a -butadienyll-benzothiazole ethiodide.

fill m0 7 NCH=CH-CH=CHC c-c H: H:

2.4 g. (1 mol.) of 1-(4-acetanilido-A -butadienyl) -benzothiazole ethiodide, 1.2 g. (3 mol.) of piperidine and 00.01 absolute ethyl alcohol were refluxed for about minutes. The dye separated trom the cooled reaction mixture and after recrystallizing from methyl alcohol was obtained as minute orange red crystals melting at 205- 207 C. with decomposition. Its methyl alcoholic solution was deep yellow.

Example 7.1-[4 -(4-morpholyl) a -butadienyl] -benzothiazole ethiodide.

1.2 g. (1 mol.) of 1-(4-acetanilido-A -butadb enyl) -benzothiazole ethiodide. 0.7 g. (3 mol.) of morpholine and 20 cc, of absolute ethyl alcohol were refluxed for about 30 minutes. The dye separated from the cooled mixture and alter twice recrystallizing from methyl alcohol was obtained as minute reddish crystals melting 'at 240-31 C. with decomposition. Its methyl alcoholic solution was deep yellow.

Example 8.--1-(4 di ,6 hydroxyethylaminoa -butadienyl) -benzothiaaole ethiodide.

noclm s N-on=cnon;=cn-0 Cz Hs 1.2 g'. (1 mol.) of 1-(4-acetani1ido-A -butadienyl) -benzothiazole ethiodide, 0.8 g. (3 mol.) of diethanolamine and 20 cc. of absolute ethyl alcohol were refluxed for about 30 minutes. The dye separted from the cooled reaction mixture,

and after two recrystallizations from methyl alcohol was obtained as bluish crystals melting at 210 to 212 C. with decomposition. Its methyl alcoholic solution was yellow.

Example 9.--1-( i-di-n-butylamino-a -butadienyl) -benzothiazole ethiodide.

1.2 g. (1 mol.) of -(4-acetanilido-A -butadienyl)-benzothiazole ethiodide, 0.6 g. (3 mol.) of diethylamine and 15 cc. of absolute ethyl alcohol were refluxed for 30 minutes. The dye separated from the cooled reaction mixture and was twice recrystallized from acetone. The dye was obtained as minute reddish needles melting at 209 to 211 C. with decomposition. The dye gave. a deep yellow solution in acetone.

Example 11.1- (4-dibenzylamino-A -butadienyl) -benzothiazole ethiodide.

1.2 g. (1 mol.) of l-(i-acetanilido-a -butadienyl)-benzothiazole ethiodide. 1.0 g. (2 mol.) of dibenzylamine and 10 cc. of absolute ethyl alcohol were refluxed for about 30.n1inutes. The dye separated from the cooled reaction mixture and after two recrystallizations from methyl alcohol was obtained as minute orange crystals melting at 221 to 223 C. with decomposition. Its methyl alcoholic solution was a deep yellow.

Example 12.-1 (4 diallylamino-A -butadienyl) -benzothiazole ethiodide.

export-03. 8

1.2 g. (1 mol.) of 1-(4-acetanilido-A -butadienyD-benzothiazole ethiodide, 0.75 g. (8 mol.) of diallylamlne and 15 cc. of absolute ethyl alcohol were refluxed for about 30 minutes. The dye separated from the cooled reaction 'mixture and after successive recr'ystallizatigns from methyl alcohol and then ethyl acetate was obtained as dull reddish crystals melting at 164 to 166 C. with decomposition.- Its ethyl acetate solution was a deep yellow.

1 (i-acetanilido-A -butadienyl) -benzoxazole ethiodide can be prepared by refluxing 2.9 g. (1 mol.) of l-methylbenzoxazole ethiodide. 2.5 g. (1 mol.) of p-anilinoacrolein anilhydrochloride and 30 cc. of acetic anhydride for about 60 minutes. The reaction mixture was chilled and 50 cc. of diethyl ether added. The ether-mixture was allowed to stand 12 hours in an ice-box when a tarry precipitate formed. The ether was decanted and the residue stirred with acetone cc.). The tarry mass dissolved and upon standing crystals separated. These crystals were flitered oil, washed with acetone and dried.

Example 13.-1 [4 (1-piperldyl)-A -butadlenyll-benzoxazole ethiodide.

CsHu I 1.1 g. (1 mol.) of 1-( -acetanilido-A -butadlenyD-benzoxazole ethiodide. 0.6 g. (3 mol.) of.

piperidine and 15 cc. of absolute ethyl alcohol were refluxed for about 30 minutes. separated from the cooled reaction mixture and after two recrystallizations from ethyl alcohol was obtainedas minute yellow crystals melting at 192 to 195 C. with decomposition. Its solution in ethyl alcohol was yellow.

Example 14.--1- [4 -(6-methoxy-1-tetrahydroquinolyl) A butadienyll benzothiazole ethiodide.

/s Hi6 N-cH=oH-PcH=crr-c CzHt I The dye Example 15.1-(4 n butylamino A -buts dienyl) -benzothiazole ethiodide.

OKs-OH:

2.4 g. (1 mol.) of 1-(4-aoetanilido-A -butadienyl) -benzothiazole ethiodide. 2.7 g. (3 mol.) of ditetrahydrofurturylamine and 10 cc. oi absolute ethyl alcohol were refluxed for about 30 minutes. The dye was precipitated by chilling the reaction mixture and adding thereto 20 cc. of ethyl acetate. The precipitated dye iodide was dissolved in 10 cc. oi. methyl alcohol and 0.65 g. (1 mol. plus 10% excess) of sodium perchlorate. The dyeperchlorate precipitated. It was twice recrystallized from methyl alcohol and obtained as bright orange crystals melting at 202.5 to 204.5 C. with decomposition. Its methyl alcoholic solution was golden yellow.

Example 17.2 (4 diethylamino-A -butm- Elienyl) -p-naphthothiazole ethiodide.

1.3 g. (1 mol.) of 2-(4-acetani1ido-A -butadienyD-fl-naphthothiazole ethiodide., 0.6 g. (3 mol.) of diethylamine and 10 cc. of absolute ethyl alcohol were refluxed for about 30 minutes. I'he dye separated from the cooled reaction mixture and was recrystallized from 95% ethyl alcohol and obtained as dark greenish crystals melting at 205 to 208 C. with decomposition. Its ethyl alcoholic solution was pinkish orange.

2 (4 -acetanilido-A -butadienyl) -p-naphthothiazole ethiodide was prepared by refluxing 3.5 g. (1 mol.) of Z-methyl-fl-naphthothiazole ethiodide, 2.5 g. (1 mol.) of p-anilinoacrolein anil hydrochloride and 20 cc. of acetic anhydride for about 60 minutes. chilled and the product precipitated by adding ether (60 cc.). acetone, filtered, washed with acetone and dried.

The reaction mixture was- The product was stirred with trample 18.-2-(4-ditetrahydroi'urturylamino- A -butadienyl) -p-naphthothiazole ethiodide.

1.3 g. (1 mol.) oi! 2-(4-acetanilido-A -butadienyl)-p-naphthothiaaole ethiodide, 1.35 g. (3

mol.) oi ditetrahydrofuri'urylamine and cc. of

1.3 g. (1 mol.) of 2-(4-acetanilido-A -butadienyl)-p-naphthothiazole ethiodide, 0.6 g. (8

mol.) of piperidine and 10 cc. of absolute ethyl alcohol were refluxed for about 80 minutes. The dye separated from the cooled reaction mixture and after two recrystallizations from methyl alcohol was obtained as reddish crystals melting at 148" to 151 C. with decomposition. Its methyl alcoholic solution was purplish orange.

Example Z0.-1 (4 diethylamino A -buta- 'dienyl) -benzoselenazole ethiodide.

2.6 g. (1 mol.) of 1-(4-acetanilido-A -butadienyl) -benzoselenazole ethiodide, 0.6 g. (3 mol.) of dlethylamine and cc. of absolute ethyl alcohol wererefluxed for about minutes. The dye separated from the cooled reaction mixture and after two recrystallizations from acetone and one recrystallization from a solvent composed 01' one part by volume ethyl alcohol and three parts ethyl acetate, the dye was obtained as minute reddish crystals melting at 120 to 122 C. with decomposition. Its ethyl acetate-ethyl alcohol solution was a deep yellow. 1-(4 acetanilido-A butadienyl) -benzoselen azole ethiodide was prepared by refluxing 3.5 g. (1 mol.) of l-methyl-benzoselenazole ethiodide. 2.5 g. (1 mol.) of p-anilinoacrolein anil hydrochloride and 20 cc. of acetic anhydride for about minutes. The reaction mixture was chilled and the product precipitated by adding dieth'yl ether, The product was filtered and washed with acetone.

Example 21.-2 [4 (1 piperidyi) -A '=-butadienyl] -quinoline ethiodide.

1.1 g. (1 mol.) oi 2-(4-acetanilido-A -butadienyl) -quinoline ethiodide, 0.6 g. (3 mol.) of

piperidine and 15 cc. oi absolute ethyl alcohol 2.2 g. (1 mol.) of 4-(4-acetanilido-A -butadienyl) -quinoline ethiodide, 1.2 g. (3 mol.) of piperidine and 5 cc. of absolute ethyl alcohol were refluxed for about 30 minutes. The dye separated from thecooled reaction mixture and, after two recrystallizations i'rom acetone, was obtained as minute greenish crystals melting at 204 to 206 C. with decomposition. Its ethyl alcoholic solution was bluish red.

4-(-t acetanilido A butadienyl) -quinoline ethiodide was prepared by refluxing 6 g. (1 mol.) of lepidine ethiodide, 5 g. (1 mol.) of anilinoacrolein anil hydrochloride and 30 cc. of acetic anhydride for about 30 minutes. Reaction mixture was chilled and 100 cc. oi diethyl ether added. Ether decanted and product stirred with acetone- Filtered, washed with acetone and dried.

Example 23.--1,4-di- [4-(1-benzothiazyl) A" butadienyl] piperazine diethlodide.

4 :HI I 1.2 g. (2 mol.) of 1-(4-acetanilido-A -butadienyl) benzothiazole ethiodide, 0.25 g. (2 mol.)

oi piperazine hexahydrate and 20cc. of absolute ethyl alcohol were refluxed for about 30 minutes. The dye separated from the cooled reaction mixture and after recrystallization from methyl alcohol was obtained as minute reddish crystals melting at, 303 to 305 C. with decomposition. Its methyl alcoholic solution was pinkish orange.

Example 24.-1,4 di -[4-(1 benzoxazyl) -A butadienyl] piperazine diethiodide Example 25.--l,4-di- [4- (2-quinolyl) wi -butadienyll piperazine diethiodide.

line can be replaced with any basic non-aromatic primary or secondary amine such as pointed out above in connection with reaction with compounds of Formulas Ila. and 11b. Likewise the acetanilido-A -butadienyl ethiodides can be replaced with other quarternary salts, e. g., butiodides, propobromides, alkylsulfates, alkyltoluenesuli'onates or the like. Likewise acylanilido-n butadienyl derivatives of 4-methylthiasole, iphenylthiezole, 4-methy1oxazole, 4-phenyloxazole,

- lfi-clipl'ienylthiazole, -phenyls'elenazole, thiazoture (20 to 25 C.) for about 15 minutes.

line, selenazoline, 3,3-dialkylindolenine or the like quaternary salts can be reacted with primary or secondary basic non-aromatic amines.

she following examples serve to illustrate the mode of preparation of our new dyes of Formulas Ho and Ill where n equals three. These examples are not intended to limit our invention.

Esrfimple 262-146 -(1 piperidyl) -A hexatrienyll-benrsothiazole ethioclide.

01. pipeririine and ill cc. of absolute ethyl alcohol were mixed allowed to standat room tempera- The dye separated and was filtered off and dissolved the impurities by extraction with hot ethyl hoi. St was recrystallized a second time from i alcohol and obtained as dark blue crystals melting 120.5? to i23.5 C. with decomposition. thyl alcoholic solution was purple.

l-(6-acetsinilido d -hexatrienyl) benzeiazole ethiorlirle was prepared as follow 32.2 g. (1 mol.) of L'nethyLbenzothiasole ethioclide, 1.1.4 (31 mol.) of glutaconic aldedianilide ,rirochloride and cc. of acetic ole were heated to refluxing for about i The product was washed with water and used. without further purification.

tri igrll-bensothiazole ethioclide.

1.25 g. (1 mol.) 0! l-(fi-acetanilido-A hexatrienyD-benzothiazole ethiodi'de, 0.7 g.

ci s l (3 mol.) of morpholine and 15 cc. of absolute ethyl alcohol were mixed and allowed to stand at 20 to 25 'C. for about ten minutes. The dye separated and was dissolved from the impurities by extraction with hot methyl alcohol. second recrystallization from methyl alcohol, the dye was obtained as dark blue crystals melting at 154.5 to 156.5 C. with decomposition. Its methyl alcoholicsolution was purple.

In the above two examples the piperdine and morpholine can be replaced by any basic nonaromatic primary or secondary amine such as pointed out above in connection with reaction with compounds of Formulas Ha and Hb. Likewise the acetanilido-A -hexatrienyl ethiodides can be replaced with other quaternary salts, e. g., butiodicles, propobromides, alkylsulfates, alkyltoluenesulfonates or the like. Likewise acylanilido derivatives of other quaternary salts'such as pointed out above in Formulas 11a and 11b can be reacted with primary or secondary nonaromatic basic amines.

We have found it advantageous to obtain our new dyes in the form of the dye-iodides in most stances. The dye-iodides are also a satisfactory form of our new dyes to employ in preparing sensitized photographic emulsions, we have found. However, the dye-iodides can be converted into other dye-salts. For instance, in Example 16, the dye-iodide was converted into the less soluble dye-perchlorate by treatment with sodium perchlorate. Our dye-iodides can be converted into dye-chlorides by dissolving the dye-iodides in Afters methyl alcohol or other suitable solvent, adding an excess of freshly prepared silver chloride to the solution and refluxing the mixture for several hours. the resulting solution concentrated and chilled to precipitate the dye-chloride.

In the above examples heating under reflux is intended to mean heating the reaction mixture to moderate boiling under reflux.

Still further examples of the preparation of our new dyes could. be cited. but the foregoing will be su'fiflcient to teach those skilled in the art the manner of obtaining our new dyes.

Our new dyes, particularly those where it! represents one or two, can be employed in manufacturing light filters and to color cellulose acetate yarn, i, e. cellulose acetate sills.

Qur new dyes can be called hemicyenine dyes. Those containing a chain of two methenyl groups (where 72 in Formulas Ia and lb represents one) can be called hemicarbocyanine dyes; those containing a chain of four methenyl groups (where n represents two) can be called hemidicarbocyanihe dyes; and those containing a chain of six methenyl groups (where n represents three) can be called hemitricarbocyanine dyes.

Our new hemicyanine dyes give rise to photographic ernuisions possessing novel sensitivity, when incorporated therein. Quiinvention is particularly directed to the customarily employed gelatino-silver-halide emulsions. However, our new hemicyanine dyes can be employed in emulsions in which the carrier is other than gelatin,

The silver iodide formed is filtered off and v derivative which has substantially no deleterious eiiect on the light-sensitive materials. As silver halide emulsions, we include such emulsions as are commonly employed in the art, ior example, silver chloride or silver bromide emulsions which can contain other salts which may be light sensitlve. By way oi. illustration the hereindescribed sensitised photographic emulsions were prepared employing. ordinary gelatino-silver-chloride and gelatino-silver-bromide emulsions. Our hemicarbocyanine dyes (where n represents onel'nre advantageously employed with silver chloride emulsions. Our hemidicarbocyanine dyes are likewise advantageously employed with silver chloride emulsions.

In the preparation of photographic emulsions containing our new dyes, it is only necessary to disperse the dyes in the emulsions. The methods of incorporating dyes in emulsions are simple and well known to those skilled in the art. In practicing our invention, it is convenient to add the dyes from solutions in appropriate solvents. The solvent must, oi course, be compatible with the emulsion, substantially free from any deleterious eiiect on the light-sensitive materials and capable oi dissolving the dyes. Methanol has proven satisiactory as a solvent for our new dyes. The dyes are advantageously incorporated in the finished, washed emulsion and should be uniformly distributed throughout to secure best results.

The concentration of our new dyes in the emulsions can vary widely, e. g. from about to about 100 mg. per liter of flowable emulsion. The concentration oi the dye will vary according to the type of light-sensitive material in the emulsion and according to the eflects desired. The suitable and most economical concentration for any given emulsion will be apparent to those skilled in the art, upon making the ordinary tests and observations customarily used in the art of emulsion-making. To prepare a gelatino-silverhalide emulsion, the following procedure is satisfactory: A quantity of the dye is dissolved in methyl alcohol or acetone and a volume of this solution (which may be diluted with water) containing from 5 to 100 mg. of dye is slowly added to about 1000 cc. of a gelatino-silver-halide emulsion with stirring. Stirring is continued until the dye is uniformly and practically homogenously dispersed. with the more power- !ul of our new sensitizing hemicyanine dyes, to mg. of dye per 1000 cc. oi emulsion suilice to produce the maximum sensitizing eilect with the ordinary gelatino-silver-halide emulsions. The above statements are only illustrative and not to be understood as limiting our invention in any sense, as it will be apparent that our dyes can be incorporated by other methods in many of the photographic emulsions customarily employed in the art, such, for instance; as by bathing the plate or film upon which the emulsion has been coated, in a solution of the dye in an appropriate solvent, although such a method is ordinarily not to be preferred. The claims are intended to cover any combination of these new dyes with a photographic silver halide emulsion whereby the dye exerts a sensitizing eilect upon the emulsions as well as a photographic-element comprising a support, ordinarily transparent, upon which the light-sensitive emulsion is coated or spread and allowed to dry.

The accompanying drawings are by way of il-.

lustration and depict the sensitivity of emulsions containing eight of our new dyes. Each figure in the drawings is a diagrammatic reproduction of a showing the sensitivity or silver chloride or silver bromide emulsions containing no oiour new dyes. In Fig. 1, the sensitivity oi an ordinary gelstino-silver-chloride emulsion containing 2- [p-i- (piperidyl) vinyl] -p-naphthothiasole ethiodide is depicted. In Fig. 2. the sensitivity oi an ordinary gelatino-silver-bromide emulsion containing 1-(4-diethylamino-A butadienyD-bensoeelenasole ethiodide is depicted. In Fig. 3, the senfltivity of an ordinary gelatino- -silver-bromide emulsion containing 1-(4-diethylamino-a -butadienyl) -benzothiazole ethiodide is depicted. In Fig. 4, the sensitivity of an ordinary gelatino-silver-bromide emulsion containing 2- li-di-(tetrahydroiuriuryl amino) A butadienyl-l-p-naphthothiazole ethiodide is depicted. In Fig. 5, the sensitivity of an ordinary gelatinosilver-chloride emulsion containing 1-[4-(1-piperidyl) -A -'-butadienyl] -benzoxazole ethiodide is depicted. In Fig. 6, the sensitivity of an ordinary gelatino-silver-bromide emulsion containing 2- ii-(l-piperidyl) -A -butadienyl] -q'uin0line ethiodide is depicted. In Fig. 7, the sensitivity of an ordinary gelatino-silver-bromide emulsion containing l- [4- (4-morpholyl) -A -=-butadienyl] -benzothiaaole ethiodide is depicted. In Fig. 8, the sensitivity of an ordinary gelatino-silver-bromide emulsion containing l-[6-(1-piperidyl)vi hexatrienyll-benzothiazole ethiodide is depicted.

We have found that those of our new hemicyanine dyes which contain an ethyl group and a halide radical attached to the quinquevalent nitrogen atom are especially good sensitizers of photographic emulsions, particularly gelatinosilver-halide emulsions.

Still further examples illustrating our invention could be cited, but the foregoing will be sufficient to teach thoseskilled in the art the manner in which our invention is carried out and the principles of sensitizing photographic emulsions with our new. dyes.

What we claim as our invention and desire to be secured by Letters Patent 01 the United States is:

1. A photographic silver halide. emulsion sensitized with a sensitizing dye selected from the group of dyes characterized by one of the following formulas:

wherein D represents a divalent group selected from the group consisting of vinylene and phenylene groups, L represents a methenyl group, n represents a positive integer not greater than three, J represents a group selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl groups while Q represents an alkyl group and J and Q together represent the non-metallic atoms necessary to complete an organic basic cyclic nucleus other than a pyrrol nucleus, R. represents an alkyl group, X represents an acid radical and Z represents the non-metallic atoms necessary to complete an organic heterocyclic nucleus.

- 2. A photographic gelatino-silver-halide emulsion sensitized with a sensitizing dye selected from the group of dyes characterized by one of the following formulas: 1

,z, a 2 l/ Y I-}II(I1=L). and J2 -.(L=L).0

Q X Q whereinD representsa divalent groupselected from the group consisting of vinylene and phenylene groups, L represents a methenyl group, n represents a positive integer not greater than three, J represents a group selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl groups while Q represents an alkyl group and J and Q together represent the non-metallic atoms necessary to complete an organic basic cyclic nucleus other than a pyrrol nucleus, R. represents an alkyl group, X represents an acid radical and Z represents the non-metallic atoms necessary to complete an organic heterocyclic nucleus.

3. A photographic gelatino-silver-halide emulsion sensitized with a sensitizing dye selected from the group of dyes characterized by one, of the following formulas:

Q Q X wherein D represents a divalent group selected from the group consistingjof vinylene and phenylene groups, n represents a positive integer not greater than three, J represents a monovalent group selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl groups while Q represents an alkyl group and J and Q together represent the non-metallic atoms necessary to complete an organic cyclic-basic nucleus other than a pyrrol nucleus and selected from the group consisting of five-membered and six-membered organic cyclic basic nuclei, R represents an alkyl group, X represents an acid radical and Z represents the nonmetallic atoms necessary to complete an organic heterocyclic nucleus selected from the group consisting of flve-membered and six-membered organic heterocyclic nuclei.

4. A photographic gelatino-silver-halide emulsion sensitized with a sensitizing dye selected from the group of dyes characterized by the following formula: 1

wherein n represents a positive integer not greater than 3, J represents a monovalent group selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl groups while Q represents an alkyl group, and J and Q together represent the non-metallic atoms necessary to complete an organic cyclic basic nucleus other than a pyrrol nucleus and selected from the group consisting of ilve-membered and six-membered organic cyclic basic nuclei, R represents an alkyl group, X represents an acid radical and Z represents the non-metallic atoms necessary to complete an organic heterocyclic nucleus selected from the group consisting of flve-membered and six-membered organic heterocyclic nuclei.

5. A photographicgelatino-silver-halide emul sion sensitized with a sensitizing dye selected from the group of dyes characterized by the following formula:

J-N-(cn=cn .-d=is l v Q -x wherein n represents a positive integer not greater than 3, J represents a monovalent group selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl groups while Q represents an alkyl group, and J and Q together represent the non-metallic atoms necessary to complete an organic cyclic basic nucleus other than a pyrrol nucleus and selected from the group consisting of five-membered and six-membered organic cyclic basic nuclei, R represents an alkyl group, X represents an acid radical and Z represents the non-metallic atoms necessary to complete an 'azole nucleus.

6. A photographic gelatino-silver-halide emulsion sensitized with a sensitizing dye selected from the group of dyes characterized by the following formula: I

,z, a :-N (ca.=cm.-==i

wherein J and Q together represent the nonmetallic atoms necessary to complete a six-membered organic basic cyclic nucleus, R represents an alkyl group, X represents an acid radical and Z represents the'non-metallic atoms necessary to complete a benzothiazole nucleus.

8. A photographic gelatino-silver-hallde emulsion sensitized with a sensitizing dye selected fromthe group of dyes characterized by the following formula:

1 J-N-cH=on-cn=cH-d==i-r wherein J and Q together represent the nonmetallic atoms necessary to complete a six-membered organic basic cyclic nucleus, R represents an alkyl group, X represents an acid radical and Z represents the non-metallic atoms necessary to complete a naphthothiazole nucleus.

9. A photographic gelatino-silver-halide emulsion sensitized with a sensitizing dye selected from the group of dyes characterized by the following formula:

wherein J and Q together represent the nonmetallic atoms necessary to complete a six-membered organic basic cyclic nucleus, R represents an allwl group, X represents an acid radical and Z represents the non-metallic atoms necessary to complete a naphthoxazole nucleus.

10. A photographic gelatino-silver-halide emulsion sensitized with a sensitizing dye selected from the group of dyes characterized by the following formula:

wherein J and Q together represent the nonmetallic atoms necessary to complete a piperidyl nucleus, Birepresents an allgyl group, X represents an acid radical and Z represents the nonmetallic atoms'necessary to complete an organic heterocyclic nucleus selected from the group consisting of iive-membered and six-numbered heteroc nuclei.

sion sensitized with a sensitizing dye selected from the group of dyes characterized by the following formula;

1-N-cn-cn-on==ond wherein J and Q together represent the non-metallic atoms necessary to complete a piperidyi nucleus, R represents an alkyl group, x represents an acid radical and Zrepresents the nonmetallic atoms necessary to complete a heterocyclic nucleus of the thiazole series.

13. A photographic gelatlno-silver-halide emulsion sensitized with a sensitizing dye selected from the group of dyescharacterized by the following formula:

wherein J and Q together represent the nonmetallic atoms necessary incomplete a piperidyl nucleus, R represents an alkyl group, X represents an acid radical and Z represents the nonmetallic atoms necessary to complete a h cyclic nucleus of the oxazole series.

11. A photographic gelatino-silver-halide emul- 14. A photographic gelatino-silver halide emulsion sensitized with a sensitizing dye characterized by the following formula:

wherein R represents an alkyl group.

15. A photographic gelatino-silver-halide emulsion sensitized with a sensitizing dye characterized by the following formula:

H1 H1 8 0-0 m0 \r--01I=cn-c1r=cn-o wherein R represents an alkyl group. 16. A photographic gelatino-siiver-halide emulsion sensitized with a sensitizing dye characterized by the following formula:

wherein R represents an allq'l group.

17. A photographic gelatino-silver-halide emulsion sensitized with 1-[4-(1-piperidyl) -A -butadienyll-benzothiazole ethiodide.

18. A photographic gelatino-silver-halide emulsion sensitized with 2-[4-(1-piperidyl)-A -='-butadienyil-p-naphthothiazole ethiodide.

19. A photographic gelatino-silver-halide emulsion sensitized with 2- [-i-(l-piperidyl) wi -butadienyl] -p-naphthoxazole ethiodide.

1 FRANK L. WHITE.

GRAFION n. KEYES. 

